Zur Diagnostik und Differentialdiagnostik der Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen
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Philipps-Universität Marburg
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Abstract
Autism-Spectrum-Disorders (ASD) are defined by deficits in social communication and
interaction as well as repetitive, stereotyped behaviors. ASD are a group of complex,
heterogeneous disorders associated with several comorbidities and many relevant differential
diagnoses. Symptom presentations change over the lifespan and depend on several factors.
This makes diagnosing ASD a major challenge for practitioners. Valid and reliable
diagnostic instruments are essential for providing the best care and treatment possible.
The present cumulus introduces four separate studies focusing on aspects of diagnostics and
differential diagnostics of ASD. The first two studies examined the diagnostic utility of the
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) for children, adolescents and adults with a
special focus on relevant differential diagnoses and gender disparities. Results are in favor of
good utility in clinical practice, with some fundamental restrictions regarding certain
differential sub groups. Due to these results, a high degree of specialization on institutional
and individual level is recommendable. The third study examined the diagnostic utility of the
ADOS focusing on clinicians’ and case characteristics. Results indicate high variance in
ADOS diagnostic results in clinical practice. In order to ensure sufficiently high levels of
reliability, regular supervision and calibration of diagnostic decisions are advisable. The
fourth study focused on the differentiation of ASD via assessment of facial emotion
recognition (FER) performances, considering ADHD symptoms as possible influencing
factors. Results indicate that children with ASD and comorbid ADHD, possibly mediated by
reaction times, show weaker FER performances and that an increase of deficits is more
relevant in older children. Diagnostics of ASD should therefore focus on comorbid ADHD
symptoms in order to initiate individually tailored interventions.
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Dates
Created: 2018Issued: 2019-04-24Updated: 2019-04-24
Faculty
Fachbereich Psychologie
Publisher
Philipps-Universität Marburg
Language
ger
Data types
DoctoralThesis
DDC-Numbers
150
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Langmann, Anika: Zur Diagnostik und Differentialdiagnostik der Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen. : Philipps-Universität Marburg 2019-04-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17192/z2018.0100.
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This item has been published with the following license: In Copyright