Taiping Tianguo und Donghag: Eine religionswissenschaftliche Studie über den Entstehungsprozess der beiden neuen religiösen Bewegungen
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Philipps-Universität Marburg
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Abstract
Taiping Tianguo and Donghag are the new religious
movements, which had taken place since the 19th century in
China and Korea respectively. For both China and Korea, the
19th century was a historical turning point. The traditions
that the two old nations had kept so far were shaken by the
unexpected threat of the dominant western powers. The founders
of Taiping Tianguo and Donghag tried to build up their
religious beliefs based on such unique contextual-concerns:
first, the faith of the people (korean shamanism); secondly,
the cultivated theory of the neo-Confucianism; and thirdly, the
Christianity as "imported" ideology or religion. Among these
three spiritual challenges, the Christianity played a decisive
role in formulating the structure of the new religious
movements. The Taiping founder singled out the substantial
elements of Taiping Tianguo doctrine from the Christianity.
Yet, he integrated them into the intellectual world of
Confucianism, without thereby the mentality of the popular
belief would have been disregarded. In Donghag movement, on the
other hand, the founder Choe developed and formed his new
religious thought as a counter proposal of Korean religiosity
to the Western Christianity. To see briefly the similarities
and differences between the two religious movements: (1) Both
religious movements arose in the similar historical crisis
caused by the forcing power of incoming Western ideas, and they
gained supports from the class of peasantry. (2) Against the
dominating Western influence, the two religious movements
played a significant role in bringing up nationalism in both
countries. (3) They tried to make the use of the revolutionary
measures in China and in Korea by practicing a new
land-managing system designed by Taiping philosophers and by
establishing "jibgangso " (local directorates) according to
Donghag philosophy. 4) They were also more or less influenced
by the Christianity. The differences are as follows. (1)
Interpretation of their own traditions: Whereas the Taiping
rejected the Confucian tradition of China and accepted
Christian teaching as its main ideology, the Donghag understood
the Christianity as a threat to the Korean traditional culture
and social-order. This Donghag attitude led them to taking
armed actions against the Western religion. (2) Goals in
religious movements: The Taiping movement had the intention of
opening a new dynasty of the Han people by destroying the
Manchurian, Ching Dynasty. They actually established a new
dynasty which lasted about 14 years in South-China. Therefore,
we may consider the Taiping movement as a political conflict
between the peoples of Han and of Manchuria. However, Donghag
movement was not originated from any political intention. There
took place several peasants' revolts, but they were rather a
class struggle. In the organized spirit of Donghag, farmers and
Confucian scholars gathered together to strike down and reform
the corrupted royal-government in Korea. There?s no
intention to establish a new dynasty in the Donghag movemnt.
Taiping Tianguo and Donghag were important features in history,
for these religious movements opened a new era for modern times
in China and Korea. Therefore, it will be even greater if we
continue to examine these religious movements with a broad
perspective that includes the historical, social, economic and
religious environments in Eastern Asia.
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Supervisor:
Dates
Created: 2004Issued: 2004-03-04Updated: 2011-08-10
Faculty
Fachbereich Evangelische Theologie
Publisher
Philipps-Universität Marburg
Language
ger
Data types
DoctoralThesis
Keywords
Neue ReligionDonghag , ReligionswissenschaftTaipingDonghagnew religious MovementTaiping
DFG-subjects
Religion / Geschichte
DDC-Numbers
230
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Lee, Kil Yong (128836903): Taiping Tianguo und Donghag: Eine religionswissenschaftliche Studie über den Entstehungsprozess der beiden neuen religiösen Bewegungen. : Philipps-Universität Marburg 2004-03-04. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17192/z2004.0078.
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This item has been published with the following license: In Copyright