Gewalterfahrungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter: Auswirkungen auf die Sexualität, Behandlung und das therapeutische Kompetenzerleben
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Philipps-Universität Marburg
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Abstract
Violence still is a worldwide problem. In Germany, many children become victims of various types of violence every year, leading to serious consequences for their further lives. Due to the explicitly sexual nature of sexualized violence against children and adolescents, this form of violence has a particular impact on the development of children and adolescents' sexuality. In order to reduce the risk of developing possible short- and long-term consequences, processing the traumatic event is of great importance. Processing the traumatic event is part of the psychotherapeutic approach. The common treatment guidelines for posttraumatic stress disorder recommend confrontational methods and the involvement of attachment figures. Nevertheless, these recommendations are often not followed in practice. One possible explanation might be the subjective perception of competence of those providing treatments. The subjective perception of competence is related to the use of confrontational interventions, the involvement of attachment figures, and the routine exploration of violence. Moreover, the subjective perception of one’s own competence seems to have a protective effect on occupational stress.
The first study provides a review of the current literature regarding the development of sexuality following experiences of sexual violence. The findings indicate that the consequences are severe and affect all facets of the development of sexuality.
The second study focused on sexual risk behaviors following sexualized violence based on the research findings from the first study. Consequently, teenage pregnancy, number of sexual partners, condom use, alcohol or drug use during sex, and prostitution were examined in various meta-analyses. The results show that children and adolescents with sexual violence experiences have significantly more sexual partners, are more likely to be involved in pregnancies, and are more likely to engage in prostitution than children and adolescents without such experiences.
The third study used a meta-analysis to examine the involvement of caregivers in trauma therapy and found significant symptom improvements in post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as child-reported depression and anxiety symptoms at post-measurement and parent-reported internalized symptoms at post-measurement, in favour of interventions with caregiver involvement compared to the control condition. Particularly girls benefited from the involvement of a caregiver in trauma care.
In the fourth study, the therapists’ subjective perception of competence was investigated. The subjective perception of one’s own competence affected the confrontational approach, consisting of a routine exploration of violence and trauma and the use of confrontational therapy methods, as well as on the involvement of caregivers. Moreover, the subjective perception of competence had an effect on the development of secondary traumatic stress.
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Dates
Created: 2022Issued: 2022-05-05Updated: 2022-05-05
Faculty
Fachbereich Psychologie
Publisher
Philipps-Universität Marburg
Language
ger
Data types
DoctoralThesis
Keywords
GewalterfahrungentraumaSexualitätsexual violenceGewaltsexualitytherapeutisches KompetenzerlebentreatmentKinTraumaspezifische Behandlungsexual developmenttherapeutic experiencesexualisierte GewaltViolencemental healthefficacyTraumafolgestörungensexual risk behavior
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150
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Schulte, Katharina Louisa (0000-0003-0948-7479): Gewalterfahrungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter: Auswirkungen auf die Sexualität, Behandlung und das therapeutische Kompetenzerleben. : Philipps-Universität Marburg 2022-05-05. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17192/z2022.0098.