Die erste Generation niedergelassener Ärztinnen in Marburg. Ihr Leben und ihre Arbeit
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Philipps-Universität Marburg
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Abstract
The first generation of resident female doctors in Marburg.
Their lifetime and work
Abstract:
About one hundred years ago, in the study term of the winter 1908/09 the first female students in Marburg, which then belonged to Prussia, where no longer just tolerated as guest students but for the first time properly registered students of the Philipps-University of Marburg. The opening of the German universities for women, which enabled them for academic studies, was an arduous process which took a time of several decades. Responsible for this long process were the deficient conditions in the college education for girls as well as the social resistance against the emancipation of the women in academic occupational fields. With the possibility for women to attend medical school and to pass the state examination, the conditions to work as a doctor were created; even though the disapproval of female doctors latently still existed.
Against this background, this thesis, in form of a micro study, is ought to identify the first women who, after the pass of the German medical state examination, worked as resident doctors in Marburg. On the basis of the available material, the reconstructed biographies and the outcomes of the investigation were analyzed. The analysis is viewed in reference to the contemporary discourse of “female doctors”, their role assignments and their stereotypically best suited medical specialization. In addition, the image as female doctors is examined. This leads to the question of how they saw themselves and the circumstances they lived under as well as what effects these circumstances had on their personal situation, their work and in the following on the people they worked with.
The thesis tracks the life and medical profession of seven women, who worked as resident doctors in Marburg, beginning in the early twenties of the last century. As there are only seven of them discussed, it is not possible to make general and significant statements. However, a comparison with a similar study concerning female doctors in Gießen can be drawn as well as obvious similarities to the outcome of the scientific literature research about the education and work of women can be found.
Besides this problem-orientated approach of the topic, the thesis provides concrete contribution to the medicine- and women-related history of the town of Marburg. In order to demonstrate this it is necessary to give a general overview of the educational system for girls and women at that time including university education and the then current situation for female doctors. Six of the seven women studied in Marburg which leads to closer examination of the town of Marburg and the university itself.
The investigation of the seven women brought up different outcomes. In the means of oral history interviews with family, friends and other acquaintances in three of the seven cases were held. This made a very detailed and personal reconstruction of three biographies possible.
Already at the beginning of the research it became clear that a young woman at that time could not become a student and afterwards a doctor as easily as I could state this for myself nowadays. Not only the social background which includes the familiar circumstances, the place they grew up and their school education were important preconditions. But also the extraordinary willpower of each of these women to the successful pass of school, studies and build up of a profession and a living had to be proved. Furthermore the arrangement of profession and private contentment was to achieve under very different circumstances than today. Not only the change of society had to be faced with bravery and strength but also did these women have to manage their youth and education under temporarily most difficult political situations including the two World Wars.
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Dates
Created: 2010Issued: 2010-10-26Updated: 2011-08-10
Faculty
Medizin
Publisher
Philipps-Universität Marburg
Language
ger
Data types
DoctoralThesis
Keywords
ResidentNationalsozialismusNiedergelassenBerufFamilieFemale doctorsLifetimeWork
DFG-subjects
ÄrztinOral historyPraktische ÄrztinMarburg / UniversitätDeutsche StudentinFrauenstudiumMedizinstudentin
DDC-Numbers
610
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Kelling, Klara Caterina: Die erste Generation niedergelassener Ärztinnen in Marburg. Ihr Leben und ihre Arbeit. : Philipps-Universität Marburg 2010-10-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17192/z2010.0591.
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This item has been published with the following license: In Copyright