Nichtinvasive Urindiagnostik von Harnwegsinfekten mittels flüchtiger organischer Verbindungen
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Philipps-Universität Marburg
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Abstract
Background:
An urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very common infectious disease in the in- and outpatient
setting worldwide and also in Germany. The gold standard in diagnostics is the urine culture. It
takes a couple of days to receive the results, during that time the patient is treated with a
calculated empiric antibiotic therapy. Thus antibiotic-resistance within uropathogenic bacteria
is growing. Therefore there is a need for a more time-efficient and also reasonable and
uncomplicated method. The purpose of this study is to clarify if urine-based analysis of volatile
organic compounds (VOC) could be an addition or even alternative to the current diagnostic
method in the future.
Methods:
The VOC of 75 urine samples with UTI were compared with 25 urine samples of urinary tract
healthy person. The analysis was performed with two different methods; one used was the
eNose Cyranose 320 with its 32 sensors which detects changes in resistance and differentiate
different samples with the help of pattern recognition (so called smellprint). The results were
statistically evaluated by means of linear discriminant analysis. Further comparisons were
made with the Cyranose 320 as between nitrite-positive and nitrite-negative, between
different quantities of colony forming units and between several representative uropathogenic
bacteria species. The second method used was an ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) to
differentiate characteristic measurement peaks in the headspace between UTI group and
control group.
Results:
The Cyranose 320 was able to detect 70/75 patients with an UTI correctly. Sensitivity to UTI
using the electronic nose was 95%, specificity reached only 22%. With a sensitivity of 75-82%
and a specificity of 70-90% the results of the tests of several uropathogenic bacteria species
were promising. There was no greater benefit in detecting an UTI with a higher bacterial count.
When using the decision tree, IMS reached a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 96%, where
the difference between control group and UTI group could be proved.
Conclusion:
It could be clarified that the discrimination of UTI urine samples from healthy controls by
analyzing VOC is feasible. Further research with larger number of samples is needed. It is still
open which analyzing method is the most fitting for daily diagnosis in addition to the current
standard or even in replacement of UTI diagnosis on the long term. Additional research will be
necessary to identify if it will be possible to differentiate significantly between the number of
colony forming units and individual uropathogenic bacteria species using VOC.
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Dates
Created: 2025Issued: 2025-08-06Updated: 2025-08-06
Faculty
Medizin
Publisher
Philipps-Universität Marburg
Language
ger
Data types
DoctoralThesis
DFG-subjects
VOCHarnwegsinfektnichtinvasive UrindiagnostikHWIIMSCyranose 320Ionen Mobilitäts SpektrometrieUPECeNose
DDC-Numbers
610
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Heinig, Joyce Maileen: Nichtinvasive Urindiagnostik von Harnwegsinfekten mittels flüchtiger organischer Verbindungen. : Philipps-Universität Marburg 2025-08-06. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17192/z2024.0399.