Validation of a gender-specific binary depression screening version (GIDS-15) in two German samples
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Date
Publisher
Frontiers
Abstract
Objective: Findings from depression research increasingly suggest a genderdependent
clinical appearance of relevant symptoms. At the same time, there is a
lack of gender-sensitive screening procedures in clinical practice to better
identify hidden depression in men. The present study examines the factor
structure and psychometric characteristics of the translated version of the
Gender Inclusive Depression Scale (GIDS) based on two large Germanspeaking
mixed-sex samples, and assess sex and age effects.
Methods: The preliminary exploratory validation of the German GIDS version was
initially carried out using exploratory factor analysis with an online recruited nonclinical
sample (N = 1173). The established factor structure was replicated with
confirmatory factor analysis in a separate sample (participants of an alcohol
prevention study; N = 418). Psychometric properties were calculated.
Results: The exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 5-factor solution, and was
confirmed in the second analysis. A screening version comprises 15 items.
Overall, psychometric properties are satisfactory, with only two subscales
(aggressiveness, substance use) with critical values. The majority of sex effects
could be established.
Conclusions: The GIDS-15 is a solid, multidimensional depression screening
instrument that should be complemented by a gender assessment tool. There is
further evidence that the inclusion of additional criteria alters the gender ratio in
depression screening. After further studies to validate the GIDS-15,
implementation in primary care could be indicated. Gender beyond the binary
should be analysed in further studies.
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